What’s the Difference Between a 504 Plan and an IEP?

If your child is struggling in school, you may have heard terms like “504 Plan” and “IEP” thrown around—but what do they actually mean? And how do you know which one is right for your child?

Let’s break it down in plain English.

📘 What is a 504 Plan?

A 504 Plan is a formal plan under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. It’s designed to give students with disabilities equal access to learning by providing accommodations—not special education services.

Examples:

• Extended time on tests

• Preferential seating

• Visual schedules or breaks during work

📌 A student with ADHD or anxiety might qualify for a 504 Plan if it impacts their ability to access learning in a general education classroom.

📕 What is an IEP?

An IEP (Individualized Education Program) is part of the special education process under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). It offers accommodations, modifications, services, and specialized instruction based on your child’s unique needs.

Examples:

• Small group instruction

• Speech therapy

• Behavior intervention plans

• Modified curriculum

📌 To qualify, your child must have a disability that requires specially designed instruction.

🔍 Key Differences

A 504 Plan is protected under civil rights law (Section 504), while an IEP is part of special education law (IDEA). A 504 Plan provides accommodations—like extended time, seating changes, or behavior supports—but it doesn’t include services like specialized instruction or therapy.

An IEP, on the other hand, is a full plan that includes accommodations and services such as speech therapy, specialized instruction, or social-emotional support. IEPs also come with more legal protections and require formal evaluations to determine eligibility.

In short:

• A 504 Plan helps students access learning.

• An IEP helps students receive instruction tailored to their unique learning needs.

💬 How Do I Know Which One My Child Needs?

If your child is:

• Struggling academically due to a disability

• Needs only accommodations to access learning
  → A 504 Plan might be enough.

If your child:

• Needs targeted instruction or therapy

• Is behind academically, socially, or behaviorally
  → An IEP may be more appropriate.

🙋‍♀️ Final Thoughts

Both plans are designed to support your child—but in very different ways. If you’re unsure, requesting a formal evaluation can help clarify what supports your child qualifies for.

Need help navigating that process? [Book a free consult] or [download my free IEP request template].